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Until about 1980, nearly all of English language chess publications used descriptive notation, by which recordsdata are recognized by the initial letter of the piece that occupies the first rank at the beginning of the sport. Variants of algebraic notation embrace long algebraic, in which each the departure and destination square are indicated; abbreviated algebraic, during which capture signs, check signs, and ranks of pawn captures could also be omitted; and Figurine Algebraic Notation, used in chess publications for universal readability no matter language. The dead position rule supersedes the earlier rule which referred to "insufficient material", extending it to include other positions where checkmate is impossible, comparable to blocked pawn endings the place the pawns can't be attacked. For example, if solely the kings are on the board, all other pieces having been captured, checkmate is impossible, and the game is drawn by this rule. When a pawn makes a capture, the file from which the pawn departed is used to establish the pawn making the seize, for example, exd5 (pawn on the e-file captures the piece on d5). For example, Qg5 means "queen moves to the g-file, fifth rank" (that is, to the square g5). To resolve ambiguities, an extra letter or quantity is added to point the file or rank from which the piece moved (e.g. Ngf3 means "knight from the g-file strikes to the sq. f3"; R1e2 means "rook on the primary rank moves to e2"). |
